- Di.S.S.I.
Viale S. Ignazio 78
09123 CAGLIARI
Italy
http://people.unica.it/nicolamelis/ - +39 070 675 37 26 / 338 1504286
- Islamic Law, Economic and Social History of the Ottoman Empire, Ottoman Insularity, Ottoman Red Sea, Ottomans in Africa, Ottoman Studies, and 21 moreOttoman History, Studies on Fiqh about Jihad, Anatolian identities in the Ottoman Empire up to the Republican period, Portuguese-Ottoman relations in XVI-XVII c., Dönme, Ottoman-Venetian relations, Cultural Intermediaries In The Early Modern Mediterranean, Ilan Pappè, Nationalism, Portuguese History, Turkish Nationalism, Minorities in Turkey, Arabian/Persian Gulf Studies, Ottoman Egypt, Hajj and spiritual transformation, Ottoman Millet System, Nationalism In the Balkans, Minorities and State Policies, Dhimma Legal Status, Tripoli, and Vámbéry Árminedit
- Researcher in the Department of social sciences and institutions of the University of Cagliari. Has a Phd degree in O... moreResearcher in the Department of social sciences and institutions of the University of Cagliari. Has a Phd degree in Ottoman History by the Faculty of Political Sciences of the same University, with a thesis on the Luso-Ottoman relations. He is currently conducting various investigations into Ottoman Africa, and the results have been presented in various congresses and international journals.edit
il saggio affronta l’indispensabile questione di fondo della crisi ottomana nel lungo periodo e dell’evoluzione che portò alla nascita del nazionalismo turco a sua volta foriero di una costruzione nazionale basata sulla «turchità» (la... more
il saggio affronta l’indispensabile questione di fondo della crisi ottomana nel lungo periodo e dell’evoluzione che portò alla nascita del nazionalismo turco a sua volta foriero di una costruzione nazionale basata sulla «turchità» (la centratura sull’elemento turco in termini persino di negazione degli altri gruppi etnici minoritari) radicalmente opposta all’idea di una società multietnica, pluriconfessionale e multilinguistica che l’Impero aveva incarnato per secoli.
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L’espansione degli ottomani verso il continente africano è sicuramente uno degli aspetti più trascurati dalla storiografia contemporanea e dagli studi d’area, in primo luogo africanistici. Anche se negli ultimi decenni i contributi sulla... more
L’espansione degli ottomani verso il continente africano è sicuramente
uno degli aspetti più trascurati dalla storiografia contemporanea
e dagli studi d’area, in primo luogo africanistici. Anche se negli
ultimi decenni i contributi sulla penetrazione ottomana nell’area
a sud del Sahara sono stati relativamente numerosi, lo studio complessivo
resta quasi una terra incognita: da un lato a causa della scarsa
disponibilità di fonti documentarie, dall’altro per l’assenza di
africanisti con competenze turcologiche.
uno degli aspetti più trascurati dalla storiografia contemporanea
e dagli studi d’area, in primo luogo africanistici. Anche se negli
ultimi decenni i contributi sulla penetrazione ottomana nell’area
a sud del Sahara sono stati relativamente numerosi, lo studio complessivo
resta quasi una terra incognita: da un lato a causa della scarsa
disponibilità di fonti documentarie, dall’altro per l’assenza di
africanisti con competenze turcologiche.
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Il presente articolo mira a offrire una riflessione sui confini dell’Impero ottomano, alla luce della più recente storiografia e delle fonti primarie in nostro possesso. Per il Governo centrale la questione dei confini divenne vitale... more
Il presente articolo mira a offrire una riflessione sui confini dell’Impero ottomano, alla luce della più recente storiografia e delle fonti primarie in nostro possesso. Per il Governo centrale la questione dei confini divenne vitale soprattutto a partire dalla prima metà dell’800, nell’età dei nazionalismi europei, e si amplificò ulteriormente nel periodo del successivo parossismo imperialista. Tra gli obiettivi conclamati dall’establishment ottomano vi era sicuramente la ridefinizione dei propri possedimenti più remoti rispetto alle sedi del potere centrale, attraverso un’azione tesa a subordinare le province e a definire i limiti e i confini secondo le moderne conoscenze scientifiche di rilevamento cartografico e topografico.
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Despite the Ottoman heritage of a multi-ethnic, multi-faith and multilingual society, the Republic was inspired by a process of cultural homogenisation that produced a stigmatization of minority identities. The Varlık Vergisi, the Wealth... more
Despite the Ottoman heritage of a multi-ethnic, multi-faith and multilingual society,
the Republic was inspired by a process of cultural homogenisation that produced
a stigmatization of minority identities. The Varlık Vergisi, the Wealth Tax, strongly
affected the conditions of the minorities marking one of the most important implementations
of this process of social engineering. Faik Ökte, author of the work Varlık
Vergisi Faciası, “The tragedy of the wealth tax”, which still represents a relevant source
for those studying the Turkish wartime period, defines the capital tax as “one of the
most shameful episodes in the financial history of Turkey”. The present article focuses
on the social impact of Varlık Vergisi through the critical reading of the memories
collected in Varlık Vergisi Faciası.
the Republic was inspired by a process of cultural homogenisation that produced
a stigmatization of minority identities. The Varlık Vergisi, the Wealth Tax, strongly
affected the conditions of the minorities marking one of the most important implementations
of this process of social engineering. Faik Ökte, author of the work Varlık
Vergisi Faciası, “The tragedy of the wealth tax”, which still represents a relevant source
for those studying the Turkish wartime period, defines the capital tax as “one of the
most shameful episodes in the financial history of Turkey”. The present article focuses
on the social impact of Varlık Vergisi through the critical reading of the memories
collected in Varlık Vergisi Faciası.
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Dār al-islām / dār al-ḥarb Territories, People, Identities Edited by Giovanna Calasso, Sapienza University, Rome, and Giuliano Lancioni, Roma Tre University, Rome This is a paper included in the first collection of studies entirely... more
Dār al-islām / dār al-ḥarb
Territories, People, Identities
Edited by Giovanna Calasso, Sapienza University, Rome, and Giuliano Lancioni, Roma Tre University, Rome
This is a paper included in the first collection of studies entirely devoted to the terminological pair dār al-islām / dar al-ḥarb, “the abode of Islam” and “the abode of war”, apparently widely known as representative of “the Islamic vision” of the world, but in fact almost unexplored. A team of specialists in different fields of Islamic studies investigates the issue in its historical and conceptual origins as well as in its reception within the different genres of Muslim written production. In contrast to the fixed and permanent categories they are currently identified with, the multifaceted character of these two notions and their shifting meanings is set out through the analysis of a wide range of contexts and sources, from the middle ages up to modern times.
Contributors are Francisco Apellániz, Michel Balivet, Giovanna Calasso, Alessandro Cancian, Éric Chaumont, Roberta Denaro, Maribel Fierro, Chiara Formichi, Yohanan Friedmann, Giuliano Lancioni, Yaacov Lev, Nicola Melis, Luis Molina, Antonino Pellitteri, Camille Rhoné-Quer, Francesca Romana Romani, Biancamaria Scarcia Amoretti, Roberto Tottoli, Raoul Villano, Eleonora Di Vincenzo and Francesco Zappa.
Territories, People, Identities
Edited by Giovanna Calasso, Sapienza University, Rome, and Giuliano Lancioni, Roma Tre University, Rome
This is a paper included in the first collection of studies entirely devoted to the terminological pair dār al-islām / dar al-ḥarb, “the abode of Islam” and “the abode of war”, apparently widely known as representative of “the Islamic vision” of the world, but in fact almost unexplored. A team of specialists in different fields of Islamic studies investigates the issue in its historical and conceptual origins as well as in its reception within the different genres of Muslim written production. In contrast to the fixed and permanent categories they are currently identified with, the multifaceted character of these two notions and their shifting meanings is set out through the analysis of a wide range of contexts and sources, from the middle ages up to modern times.
Contributors are Francisco Apellániz, Michel Balivet, Giovanna Calasso, Alessandro Cancian, Éric Chaumont, Roberta Denaro, Maribel Fierro, Chiara Formichi, Yohanan Friedmann, Giuliano Lancioni, Yaacov Lev, Nicola Melis, Luis Molina, Antonino Pellitteri, Camille Rhoné-Quer, Francesca Romana Romani, Biancamaria Scarcia Amoretti, Roberto Tottoli, Raoul Villano, Eleonora Di Vincenzo and Francesco Zappa.
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The Ottoman Empire, like the other Islamic empires of the early modern age (the Ṣafavid, and the Moghul), was a mosaic of social groups governed by a Muslim elite, dominating the army and the administration, heterogeneous conglomerates of... more
The Ottoman Empire, like the other Islamic empires of the early modern age (the Ṣafavid, and the Moghul), was a mosaic of social groups governed by a Muslim elite, dominating the army and the administration, heterogeneous conglomerates of lands and peoples. They administered large non-Muslim populations which, in many areas, outnumbered Muslims. There were numerous populations with different confessional, linguistic, cultural, social, and economic backgrounds. The most striking feature of the Ottoman
Empire as a social entity was its diversity. The Muslim population itself was heterogeneous.
There is much work yet to be done on intermediaries, middlemen and multiple identities within and outside Ottoman empire. This introduction to the present collection of articles is an attempt to add something new to this field of study, even challenging some of the historical clichés about group identities in the Ottoman Empire. I should thank Claudio Lo Jacono for all his work on this volume.
Empire as a social entity was its diversity. The Muslim population itself was heterogeneous.
There is much work yet to be done on intermediaries, middlemen and multiple identities within and outside Ottoman empire. This introduction to the present collection of articles is an attempt to add something new to this field of study, even challenging some of the historical clichés about group identities in the Ottoman Empire. I should thank Claudio Lo Jacono for all his work on this volume.
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In premodern Islamic states the concept of a minority was mainly traced back to the religious minorities and the condition of non-Muslims. In general terms modern Muslim states approved newly founded civil societies instead of religious... more
In premodern Islamic states the concept of a minority was mainly traced back to the religious minorities and the condition of non-Muslims. In general terms modern Muslim states approved newly founded civil societies instead of religious society in which the Muslims and people of different faiths enjoyed equal rights as equal citizens.
Research Interests: Religion, Islamic Law, Comparative Law, Theology, Human Rights, and 14 moreLaw and Religion, Feminism, Islamic Studies, Islam, Islamic feminism, Religious Persecution, Sharia, Citizenship, Religion and State, Hadith, Muslims, Population Trends, Islamic Minorities, and Minorities in the Islamic World
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Éditeur : Éditions de la Sorbonne
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It is an analysis and a translation of a brief treaty on Jihad and Ahkam al-Bughat wa l-Khawarij written in the XVII c. by the famous Ottoman Hanifi scholar from Egypt, al-Shurunbulali.
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Research Interests: Islamic Law, Ottoman History, Transnationalism, Ottoman Studies, Cultural Intermediaries In The Early Modern Mediterranean, and 15 moreOttoman Legal History, Cultural Intermediaries, Mediterranean Networks, Dhimma Legal Status, Fiqh al-Muamalat (Concept, Application and Issues), Ottoman Law and Zimmi Relations, Ottoman Law, Intermediaries, Jizya, Dhimmi, Dhimmis, Ahidname, minorities in the Ottoman Empire and modern Turkey, Dhimma, Kanun, and Ottoman Millet System
The conquest of Egypt in 1517 gave to the Ottomans a direct access to the Indian Ocean. The Red Sea and the lands approaching the Arabian Sea were brought under their control and Suez, the former Mamluk naval base, became the main center... more
The conquest of Egypt in 1517 gave to the Ottomans a direct access to the Indian Ocean. The Red Sea and the lands approaching the Arabian Sea were brought under their control and Suez, the former Mamluk naval base, became the main center of Ottoman shipping operations in that area.
A connection between the Mediterranean and the Red Sea through the isthmus of Suez, as a response to the new route passing via the Cape of Good Hope, has drawn the attention of many historians; but historiography still lacks an adequate overall analysis of all references and plans about a Suez canal in the sixteenth century.
A connection between the Mediterranean and the Red Sea through the isthmus of Suez, as a response to the new route passing via the Cape of Good Hope, has drawn the attention of many historians; but historiography still lacks an adequate overall analysis of all references and plans about a Suez canal in the sixteenth century.
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"The importance of Hormuz for Luso-Ottoman Gulf-centred policies in the 16th century: Some observations based on contemporary sources", in R. Loureiro-D. Couto (eds.), Revisiting Hormuz - Portuguese Interactions in the Persian Gulf Region in the Early Modern Period, "Maritime Asia" 19, Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian/Harrassowitz Verlag, Wiesbaden 2008, pp. 107-120.more
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Research Interests: Ottoman History, Naval History, Ottoman Studies, Ottoman Navy, Economic and Social History of the Ottoman Empire, and 6 morePortuguese-Ottoman relations in XVI-XVII c., Ottoman geography, travel literature and cartography, Luso-Ottoman Relations, Ottoman Maritime History, Turkish Navy, and Submarine Warfare
Research Interests: Ottoman History, Nationalism, Turkish Nationalism, Ottoman Studies, Turkish and Middle East Studies, and 8 moreTurkish History, Religion in Turkey, Turkish Islam, Minorities in Turkey, Alevism and Sunnism in Turkey, Nationalism In the Balkans, Minorities and State Policies, and Ottoman Millet System
Research Interests: Ottoman History, Oral history, Turkish Nationalism, Ottoman Studies, Turkey, and 14 moreModern Turkey, Minorities in Turkey, Identity, Memory, Belonging, Jewish, Anatolian identities in the Ottoman Empire up to the Republican period, Ankara, Dönme, Homeland, Armenian, Non-Muslim Minorities in Late Ottoman Empire, Turkishness, and Minorities of Turkey
Research Interests: History, Pan-Islamism, Turkestan, Islamic Revolution, Fiqh Al Islami, and 10 moreMusa Jarullah, Muslim History In USSR, Ottoman geography, travel literature and cartography, Turkish Civilization, Hanafi fiqh, Ottoman hajj, Abul Ala Maududi, Azam Hashmi, Ottoman and Turkistan Empires, and Mahmud Nazir At Tarazi
Book Review: Elisabetta Borromeo, Voyageurs occidentaux dans l'empire ottoman, 1600-1644: inventaire des récits et études sur les itinéraires, les monuments remarqués et les populations rencontrées (Roumélie, Cyclades, Crimée), Maisonneuve & Larose, Paris 2007, ISBN 2706819871, 9782706819872, 1155 pagine. EURASIAN STUDIES, vol. VI, p. 144-148, ISSN: 1722-0750more
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Research Interests: Anatolian Studies, Nationalism, Oral history, Turkish Nationalism, Turkish History, and 14 moreNational Identity, Turkish and European Union Relations, Kurdish Question in Turkey, Non-Muslim Minorities in Turkey, Minorities in Turkey, Identity, Memory, Belonging, Jewish, Ankara, Homeland, Armenian, Turkishness, and Minorities of Turkey
Based on a famous work by al-Mawardi (d. 1044), the article's focus is on the idea of opposing to an unjust ruler and the right of a ruler to suppress political opposition.
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Research Interests: Islamic Law, Ottoman History, Ottoman Studies, Islamic Studies, Ottoman Empire, and 15 moreIslamic Jurisprudence, Jihad, Mehmed II, Jihad, War, and Peace in Islam, Ottoman Law and Zimmi Relations, Bursa, Ottoman Law, al-Maturidiyya: Hanafita Kalam School, Hanafism, Hanafi fiqh, Hanafi jurisprudence, Kitab Al-Jihad, Fatih Sultan Mehmet, Molla Husrev, and Islamic law and jurisprudence
Si segnala il link a un call for paper per il prossimo convegno SeSaMo (Torino, 31 gennaio-2 febbraio), a cura di Fulvio Bertuccelli (Università di Firenze) e Nicola Melis (Università di Cagliari) dal titolo Ripensare l’imperialismo e... more
Si segnala il link a un call for paper per il prossimo convegno SeSaMo (Torino, 31 gennaio-2 febbraio), a cura di Fulvio Bertuccelli (Università di Firenze) e Nicola Melis (Università di Cagliari) dal titolo Ripensare l’imperialismo e l’antimperialismo nello spazio ottomano e post ottomano(1870-1924).
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Aspetti identitari tra passato imperiale e presente repubblicano: una lettura dell’impatto sociale del Varlık vergisi
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The aim of the series Futٙūḥ al-buldٙān/Sources for the Studiy of Islamic Societies societies is to publish original works with a multidisciplinary approach to Islamic history and societies, spanning from the ancient past to the present.... more
The aim of the series Futٙūḥ al-buldٙān/Sources for the Studiy of Islamic Societies societies is to publish original works with a multidisciplinary approach to Islamic history and societies, spanning from the ancient past to the present. The focus is on the plurality of Muslim experiences, in different times and places, and on the importance of sources written in Islam’s different languages. Accordingly, this first issue illustrates the variety of Islamic experiences that have characterized, and still characterize, the Muslim world. It collects 12 essays in English, French and Italian, by authors from different countries. The contact zone is represented by their focus on primary sources written in Islamic languages, classical Arabic (fuṣḥa) and Moroccan dialect, as well as in four other Islamic languages (Persian, Ottoman, Tajik and Greek). The methodology employed by the authors reflects different disciplines and scholarly traditions, ranging from philology, anthropology to textual criticism.